WebSocket Error Codes: Understanding the Different Types and How to Fix Them

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WebSocket is a popular technology used for real-time communication between a client and a server. It is commonly used in web applications that require frequent data exchange between the client and the server, such as online gaming, chat applications, and stock trading platforms. However, like any other technology, WebSocket is not perfect and can sometimes experience errors.

WebSocket error codes are a standard way of indicating the type of error that has occurred during a WebSocket session. These error codes are defined by the WebSocket protocol and are used by clients and servers to communicate the nature of the error. In this article, we will discuss the different types of WebSocket error codes, what causes them, and how to fix them.

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What are WebSocket Error Codes?

WebSocket error codes are a set of numeric codes that indicate the type of error that has occurred during a WebSocket session. These error codes are defined by the WebSocket protocol and are used by both clients and servers to communicate the nature of the error. The WebSocket protocol defines seven error codes that can be used to indicate different types of errors:

1000 – Normal Closure: This error code indicates that the WebSocket session has been closed normally. It is used to indicate that the session has been closed intentionally and is not due to an error.
1001 – Going Away: This error code indicates that the server is going away and the connection is being closed. It is used to indicate that the server is no longer available.
1002 – Protocol Error: This error code indicates that the client or server has received data that is not consistent with the WebSocket protocol. It is used to indicate that there has been a protocol error.
1003 – Unsupported Data: This error code indicates that the client or server has received data that it cannot accept. It is used to indicate that the data is not supported by the WebSocket protocol.
1004 – Reserved: This error code is reserved for future use and should not be used.
1005 – No Status Received: This error code indicates that no status code was received during the WebSocket session. It is used to indicate that there is no status code to report.
1006 – Abnormal Closure: This error code indicates that the WebSocket session has been closed abnormally. It is used to indicate that there has been an unexpected error or network outage.
1007 – Invalid Data: This error code indicates that the client or server has received data that is not valid. It is used to indicate that the data is not valid according to the WebSocket protocol.
1008 – Policy Violation: This error code indicates that the client or server has received data that violates the policy of the WebSocket session. It is used to indicate that the policy of the session has been violated.
1009 – Message Too Big: This error code indicates that the client or server has received a message that is too big. It is used to indicate that the message is too big according to the WebSocket protocol.
1010 – Missing Extension: This error code indicates that the client or server needs an extension that is not present. It is used to indicate that the extension is missing.
1011 – Internal Error: This error code indicates that an internal error has occurred during the WebSocket session. It is used to indicate that there has been an unexpected internal error.
1012 – Service Restart: This error code indicates that the server is restarting. It is used to indicate that the server is restarting and the connection will be closed.
1013 – Try Again Later: This error code indicates that the client or server is busy and cannot process the WebSocket session at this time. It is used to indicate that the client or server is busy and cannot process the session.
1015 – TLS Handshake: This error code indicates that the TLS handshake has failed during the WebSocket session. It is used to indicate that the TLS handshake has failed.

What Causes WebSocket Error Codes?

WebSocket error codes can occur due to a variety of reasons, including network issues, server errors, protocol errors, and client errors. Some of the common causes of WebSocket error codes include:

Network Issues: Network issues such as connection timeouts, network congestion, and packet loss can cause WebSocket error codes. These issues can cause the WebSocket session to be closed abnormally, resulting in error codes such as 1006 (Abnormal Closure).
Server Errors: Server errors such as internal server errors and server timeouts can cause WebSocket error codes. These errors can result in the WebSocket session being closed abnormally, resulting in error codes such as 1011 (Internal Error).
Protocol Errors: Protocol errors such as sending invalid data or receiving unsupported data can cause WebSocket error codes. These errors can result in the WebSocket session being closed abnormally, resulting in error codes such as 1002 (Protocol Error) and 1003 (Unsupported Data).
Client Errors: Client errors such as sending invalid requests or not handling responses properly can cause WebSocket error codes. These errors can result in the WebSocket session being closed abnormally, resulting in error codes such as 1002 (Protocol Error) and 1008 (Policy Violation).

How to Fix WebSocket Error Codes?

Fixing WebSocket error codes depends on the type of error that has occurred. Here are some common fixes for WebSocket error codes:

1000 – Normal Closure: This error code does not require any action as it indicates that the WebSocket session has been closed normally.
1001 – Going Away: This error code indicates that the server is going away and the connection is being closed. To fix this error, the client should try to reconnect to the server.
1002 – Protocol Error: This error code indicates that the client or server has received data that is not consistent with the WebSocket protocol. To fix this error, the client or server should ensure that the data being sent and received is consistent with the WebSocket protocol.
1003 – Unsupported Data: This error code indicates that the client or server has received data that it cannot accept. To fix this error, the client or server should ensure that the data being sent and received is supported by the WebSocket protocol.
1006 – Abnormal Closure: This error code indicates that the WebSocket session has been closed abnormally. To fix this error, the client or server should try to reconnect to the WebSocket session.
1007 – Invalid Data: This error code indicates that the client or server has received data that is not valid. To fix this error, the client or server should ensure that the data being sent and received is valid according to the WebSocket protocol.
1008 – Policy Violation: This error code indicates that the client or server has received data that violates the policy of the WebSocket session. To fix this error, the client or server should ensure that the data being sent and received adheres to the policy of the WebSocket session.
1009 – Message Too Big: This error code indicates that the client or server has received a message that is too big. To fix this error, the client or server should ensure that the message being sent and received is within the size limits of the WebSocket protocol.
1011 – Internal Error: This error code indicates that an internal error has occurred during the WebSocket session. To fix this error, the client or server should investigate the cause of the internal error and resolve it.
1015 – TLS Handshake: This error code indicates that the TLS handshake has failed during the WebSocket session. To fix this error, the client or server should ensure that the TLS handshake is successful before establishing the WebSocket session.

FAQ:

What is WebSocket?

What are WebSocket error codes?

What causes WebSocket error codes?

WebSocket error codes can occur due to a variety of reasons, including network issues, server errors, protocol errors, and client errors.

How to fix WebSocket error codes?

Fixing WebSocket error codes depends on the type of error that has occurred. Some common fixes include ensuring that the data being sent and received adheres to the WebSocket protocol, investigating the cause of internal errors, and ensuring that the TLS handshake is successful before establishing the WebSocket session.